Sodom played a role within a federation of modest city-states, historically recognized as Pentapolis. Tradition holds that Abraham, the patriarch, extended military support to Pentapolis following the capture of his nephew Lot, who resided in Sodom, during a conflict.
The etymology of the name "Sodom" finds its roots in an ancient term signifying 'abundance,' particularly of water. Archeological findings suggest that the region experienced fertility during the Middle Bronze Age (circa 2000–1550 BCE). Ample freshwater flowed into the Dead Sea, sustaining agricultural activities.
In light of the fertile terrain, Lot opted for the vicinity of the cities situated in the Valley of Siddim, known as the Salt Sea or Dead Sea region, for grazing his livestock. This region is present-day Dead Sea area.
The original cities now rest beneath the sea or its close vicinity. Their inhabitants appear to have descended from the Canaanites, yet their behavior was deeply corrupted, characterized by impiety, widespread iniquity, and the most reprehensible vices.
In 1897 BC, the destruction of Sodom and another nearby city transpired. In this dire context, Lot and his two daughters managed to evade the catastrophe, seeking refuge in a hillside cave.
Ancient City of Sodom
