Ramses II’s father, Seti I, secured the nation’s wealth by opening mines and quarries. King Seti I gave the crown to Prince Ramses who turned to Ramses II.
He led several expeditions and focused on accomplishing his goals. This reflected his vision of a great nation and got him the title of “ruler of rulers”.
In 1275 BC, Ramses II began a campaign to recover the lost provinces in the north. The last battle of this campaign was the Battle of Kadesh, fought in 1274 BC against the Hittite Empire under Muwatalli II.
His celebrated building accomplishments, including the marvels at Karnak and Abu Simbel, reflected his vision of a great nation and of himself as the “ruler of rulers.” He erected more monuments and statues—and sired more children—than any other pharaoh.
In the 30th years of his reign, Ramses was ritually transformed into an Egyptian god. 14 sed festivals were held during his entire reign.
Upon being declared a god, Ramses established the new capital city, Pi-Ramesses, in the Nile Delta and used it as the main base for his campaigns in Syria.
He had over 200 wives and concubines, ninety-six sons and sixty daughters, most of whom he outlived. It was Merneptah, his 13th son, who came out as his eventual successor. And he was 60 years old.
Ramses II
